The Impact of School Suspensions, and a Demand for Passage of the Student Safety Act
Footnotes
1 During the last Education Committee hearing on school disciplinary policies, held on October 10, 2007, we recommended for the City Council to introduce the Student Safety Act. Despite widespread support among the committee members, the City Council is yet to introduce this important piece of legislation.
2 Goertz, M.E., Pollack, J.M. & Rock, D.A. (196). Who drops out of high school and why?: Findings from a national study. Teachers College Record, 87, 357-73, available at www.tcrecord.org/Content.asp?ContentId=688.
3 Ibid.
4 Coalition for Juvenile Justice. Abandoned in the Back Row: New Lessons in Education and Delinquency Prevention. 2001 Annual Report, available at www.juvjustice.org/media/resources/resource_122.pdf.
5 Ogletree, Charles J. Testimony: Jena 6 and the Role of Federal Intervention in Hate Crimes and Race-Related Violence in Public Schools. House of Representatives Judiciary Committee. October 16, 2007. Available at http://chhi.podconsulting.net/assets/documents/news/Final%20Jena%20Testimony.pdf.
6 Zero Tolerance and School Discipline. The Civil Rights Project, available at www.civilrightsproject.ucla.edu/resources/civilrights_brief/discipline.php
7 Skiba, Rusell et al. Are Zero Tolerance Policies Effective in the Schools? An Evidentiary Review and Recommendations. APA Zero Tolerance Task Force, 2006. Available at www.apa.org/ed/cpse/zttfreport.pdf.
8 Ogletree, Charles J. Testimony: Jena 6 and the Role of Federal Intervention in Hate Crimes and Race-Related Violence in Public Schools. House of Representatives Judiciary Committee. October 16, 2007. Available at http://chhi.podconsulting.net/assets/documents/news/Final%20Jena%20Testimony.pdf.
9 Elementary and Secondary School Survey 2002. Office of Civil Rights, U.S. Department of Education.
10 Ogletree, Charles J. Testimony: Jena 6 and the Role of Federal Intervention in Hate Crimes and Race-Related Violence in Public Schools. House of Representatives Judiciary Committee. October 16, 2007. Available at http://chhi.podconsulting.net/assets/documents/news/Final%20Jena%20Testimony.pdf.
11 Wald, Johanna and Daniel Losen (May 2003). Defining and redirecting a School-to-Prison Pipeline, p. 3. Available at www.ytfg.org/documents/BeyondtheTunnelProblemBriefingPaper2Nov2005fin.pdf.
12 NYC DOE Statistics.
13 Eskenazi, Michael, Gillian Eddins and John M. Beam. Equity of Exclusion: The Dynamics of Resources, Demographics, and Behavior in the New York City Public Schools. Fordham University: National Center for Schools and Communities. October 2003. Available at www.ncscatfordham.org/binarydata/files/EQUITYOREXCLUSION.pdf.
14 National Economic and Social Rights Initiative (2007). Deprived of Dignity: Degrading Treatment and Abusive Discipline in New York City and Los Angeles Public Schools, p. 20.
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